Long’s group subsequently designed a series of ferrocene compounds. After hearing organometallic chemist Nicholas Long of Imperial College London speak on new ferrocene compounds, materials chemist Zonglong Zhu suggested incorporating them into solar cells. Researchers have therefore experimented with solar cells containing various ferrocene derivatives, with variable results. The organometallic compound ferrocene has been shown to help extract electrons from perovskites, increasing the efficiency of the cell and also stabilising the interface. These promising devices have shown somewhat improved stability, but their record efficiency is 23.3% – 2.4 percentage points lower than the best traditional designs. However, in this work inverted perovskite solar cells, in which the junctions are switched, were used. Traditional n-i-p perovskite solar cells have the n-junction, which extracts the electrons, facing the light, followed by the perovskite with the p-junction on the bottom. Numerous research groups have experimented with various stabilisation techniques, but no perovskite photovoltaics have hitherto shown durability close to that required of commercial solar cells, which are generally guaranteed for 25 years. Unfortunately, they have been plagued by sensitivity to moisture, air and even light. They could therefore be prepared cheaply using solution processes. Most notably, perovskites – unlike silicon – are direct band-gap semiconductors, which means they absorb light much more efficiently so that only a thin layer is required. Perovskite solar cells have multiple advantages over silicon solar cells. The researchers believe the cells can now take the first steps towards commercialisation. ![]() The structure of the inverted perovskite solar cell supercharged with ferrocenyl-bis-thiophene-2-carboxylate that helped the cell set a new efficiency record for perovskite devicesĪdding an organometallic compound to a perovskite solar cell can enhance their efficiency and their stability spectacularly, enabling them to run for 1000 hours with only a minimal drop in performance.
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